2021托福聽(tīng)力模擬:日本經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)
2021-12-04點(diǎn)擊量:98
題目:TheJapaneseEconomy1.Japan'scurrenteconomiccrisisistheworstsince:A.WorldWarIIB.theKoreanWarC.theGulfWar2.WhatoccurredduringthebubbleyearsofJapan'seconomy?A.Moneypouredintothebullishstockmarket.B.ThevalueoftheJapaneseyenrosesharply.C.Financialinstitutionsinvestedoverseas.3.Whyhavemanycompaniesgonebankruptinrecentyears?A.inabilitytocompeteB.sluggishsalesC.fewerexports4.Whatisonemeasurethegovernmenthasimplementedtorevitalizetheeconomy?A.streamliningthepoliticalbureaucracyB.loweringtheconsumptiontaxC.spendingonthecountry'ssocialinfrastructure5.Accordingtothespeaker,whatstepwillhavethemostimpactontherecoveryatthispoint?A.decentralizingofthegovernmentB.initiatingapermanenttaxcutC.dealingwithnon-performingloans答案:1.WorldWarII2.Moneypouredintothebullishstockmarket.3.sluggishsales4.spendingonthecountry'ssocialinfrastructure5.initiatingapermanenttaxcut聽(tīng)力原文:Onceasymbolofenormouseconomicgrowth,Japanhasplungedintoadeeprecessionwiththeburstofitsbubbleeconomybeginningintheearly1990's.Thisis,withoutadoubt,theworsteconomiccrisisfacingthiscountrysincetheendofWorldWarII.OnewondersifJapancanseeitswaythroughthestormandovercometheselatestdoldrums.Inthe1980's,realestatepricessoaredtosuperinflatedlevels,andinvestorssanktheirmoneyintotheboomingstockmarket.Thereseemedtobenoendinsightforthelandoftherisingsun.Everythingwasrising,andthegovernment,financialinstitutions,andindividualspaidlittleheedtothewarningsignsofanimminentcrash.Then,thebubbleburst,andlandandstockpricesplunged.Theresultsofthecrash?Manycompanieshavefalteredduetopoorsalesandbaddebt,andhaveclosedtheirdoors.Thedominoeffectonmanyfinancialinstitutionsisthattheymustbearanenormousnumberofunrecoverableloads,whichhaveresultedwhencompanies,dependingonprofitsfromlandinvestmentstorepayloans,havefoundthemselvesinsolvent.Furthermore,manyindividualdepositors,fearingacollapseofmorebanksandsecuritiescompanies,havewithdrawntheirmoneyindroves.Attemptsbythegovernmenttorevitalizethesluggishandcontractingeconomyhaveprovenfruitless.Pump-primingmeasuresincludingtaxcutsandpublicworksspendinghavedonelittletoputtheeconomyontractagain.What'smore,thegovernment'sdecisiontoincreasetheconsumptiontaxfrom3to5percentin1997hashadadevastatingimpactonconsumerspending.Asforthebusinesssector,companieshavetriedvariousmeasurestostreamlinemanagement,butotherilleffectsofsuchpolicies,includingrisingunemploymentamongolderworkers,havesurfacedandhavedealtahugeblowtotherecoveryprocess.Japan'sfalteringeconomyhashadanimpactonotherAsiancountries,andsomefearthatthewholeregionwillbedrawnintodepression.Whatwillstemthetideoffurthereconomiccollapse?Forone,Japanmuststabilizeitsfinancialsystemandtakeimmediateandeffectivemeasurestodealwithnonperformingloans.Revealingtheseverityoftheproblemtothepublicandforeigngovernmentsisanessentialfirststep.Amorevitalsolutionmightbetoinstituteapermanenttaxcuttostimulateconsumerspendingandconfidenceinthegovernment'shandlingofthesituation.Ultimately,thiswillencouragedomesticdemandforgoodsandservicesandwillbethedrivingforcebehindmuchoftherecovery.That'sthebottomline.Ofcourse,manymorefactorsincludingderegulationwillplayavitalroleinexpeditingeconomicstabilizationandgrowth.Whateverthecase,actionmustbecarriedoutswiftlyanddecisively.Apassiveandreticentapproachtoreformandchangeiswhathashamperedanyimprovementsofar.OthernationshaveencouragedJapantostepupthepaceofimplementingchange,butJapanmustmakethefirststep...orelsewemightbewitnessingthesettingofthisgreatrisingsun.本文由培訓(xùn)無(wú)憂網(wǎng)新東方教育課程顧問(wèn)整理發(fā)布,更多托福課程信息歡迎關(guān)注培訓(xùn)無(wú)憂網(wǎng)托福培訓(xùn)頻道或添加老師微信:15033336050...