2021-12-14 10:05:53|已瀏覽:106次
句子改錯題(Sentence Correction)主要測試考生應用語言,特別是標準書面英語的能力。它不僅要求一句話在語法和句法上完全正確,而且要求這個句子簡明扼要,而非含混不清,即邏輯表達的簡潔性、邏輯意思的合理性和單一性的統(tǒng)一。GMAT句子改錯題干中所給的句子一般都比較復雜,較多使用從句。
我們選擇答案的原則是要使得句子盡量完整、明確、有效,而且要簡潔,其中簡潔這一原則很容易造成我們在做題時選擇那些省略從句連接詞的選項,但是GMAT在從句這方面是十分嚴謹?shù),所以還是要選擇能夠把意思表達完整、帶有連接詞的選項,有些考生誤把這當成解題的一個制勝法寶,見到這樣的句子就帶上連接詞一定就不會錯了嗎?No!
有些句子在加入連接詞后雖然句意變得非常完整,但改寫后的句子很拗口、重復,這顯然違背了簡潔的原則,所以我們的思維就不能只限制在這一個單一句型上了,用其他方式來改寫從句,使之后變得簡潔而又不失完整性不是更好嗎?一起來看看以下幾個例子吧:
Sartre believed each individual is responsible to choose one course of action over another one, that it is the choice that gives value to the act, and that nothing that is not acted upon has value.(A) Each individual is responsible to choose one course of action over another one本題的劃線部分是一個賓語從句,看到這大家會首先想到GMAT的死原則:賓語從句中的連接詞that 不能省略,而且縱觀幾個選項都是采用了賓語從句的表達方法,所以我們就可以放心大膽地排除掉A和E答案,然后再從其他方面進行比較分析。下面這個例子是說明滿足簡潔原則的情況:
(B) That each individual is responsible for choosing one course of action over another
(C) That each individual is responsible, choosing one course of action over another
(D) That each individual is responsible to choose one course of action over another
(E) Each individual is responsible for choosing one course of action over other ones
(A) Of there being different mental functions localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today
(B) Of different mental functions that are localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today
(C) That different mental functions are localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today
(D) Which are that there are different mental functions localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today
(E) Which is widely accepted today is that there are different mental functions localized in different parts of the brain
D答案中的which is that 表達不簡潔,必須省略which is,直接用that 引導同位語從句,而且省略掉which is 的句子依然完整明確。以上兩個例子都是比較明顯的究竟是滿足完整還是簡潔的情形,迷惑性不大,下面這個例子就相對復雜一些:
(A)that some Blacks return to Africa, the land that,to him, symbolized the possibility of freedom本題的正確答案為A,即采用了題干中所給的用法。許多考生很容易選擇D,理由是根據(jù)GMAT語法的一般要求,不省略從句連接詞從而保證句子的完整性D答案從語法上看沒什么錯誤,但是這種表達方式連用了兩個定語從句,顯得重復羅嗦,很不簡潔,讀起來也不順暢。A選項是采用同位結(jié)構的方式,看起來更簡潔一些。
(B)that some Blacks return to the African land symbolizing the possibility of freedom to him
(C)that some Blacks return to Africa which was the land which symbolized the possibility of freedom to him
(D)some Black's returning to Africa which was the land that to him symbolized the possibility of freedom
(E)some Black's return to the land symbolizing the possibility of freedom to him,Africa
GMAT語法要求我們不省略從句連接詞,從而使得句意完整明確,但羅嗦繁雜的句子又是非常忌諱的,同時也不符合英語的習慣表達。所以在句子完整明確的基礎上,我們不能忽略語言表達習慣以及句子的簡潔性,簡潔不是隨意進行省略,它必須建立在符合GMAT要求邏輯關系的基礎之上。要力求使自己的思維不受從句的束縛,如果有比從句簡潔的表達方式,當然會成為我們的首選。
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