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2022-01-01 16:28:52|已瀏覽:166次
英語語法:指示代詞
1) 指示代詞分單數(shù)(this / that)和復(fù)數(shù)(these / those)兩種形式,既可作限定詞又可做代詞,例如:
限定詞:This girl is Mary.
Those men are my teachers.
代詞:This is Mary.
Those are my teachers.
2) 指示代詞的句法功能
a. 作主語
This is the way to do it.
這事兒就該這樣做。
b. 作賓語
I like this better than that.
我喜歡這個甚至那個。
c. 作主語補(bǔ)語
My point is this.
我的觀點就是如此。
d. 作介詞賓語
I don't say no to that.
我并未拒絕那個。
There is no fear of that.
那并不可怕。
說明1:指示代詞在作主語時可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分時只能指物,不能指人,例如:
(對)That is my teacher.--那是我的老師。(that作主語,指人)
(對)He is going to marry this girl.--他要和這個姑娘結(jié)婚。(this作限定詞)
(錯)He is going to marry this.。╰his作賓語時不能指人)
(對)I bought this.--我買這個。(this指物,可作賓語)
說明2:That和those可作定語從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時,在作先行詞時,只有those可指人,試比較:
(對) He admired that which looked beautiful.--他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。
(對) He admired those who looked beautiful.--他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)
(錯) He admired that who danced well. (that作賓語時不能指人)
(對) He admired those who danced well.--他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人)
(對) He admired those which looked beautiful.--他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物)
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